Financial Reporting on the Internet-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Measures and Policies you would put in place to address each of the above four Issues. 2.Critically compare and contrast the structure and strategy adopted by any Multinational Corporation (MNC) and Corporate Parent organization based in your country and discuss strategic implications of both in your countrys economic growth and development. Answers: 1.This question tries to address the four issues that have developed after the introduction of multinational organizations on the small business enterprises in Oman. Each of the four issues have been given down in this paper and measures and policies to address the four issues are discussed. One of the four issues that have an impact on the small business enterprises has been that small business enterprises have been closing down after the introduction of multinational organizations. This has been one of the major issues and it us seen that effective measures has to be taken in order to motivate the firms to survive in the economy. It has been observed that one of the fundamental factors for the survival of the small firms has been capital. Therefore, the small business enterprises of Oman need to manage sufficient capital so that they can compete with the multinational organizations that are entering the Oman market. The small business enterprise requires developing effective management skills so that they can understand the issues that are pertinent in the business and thereby staying afloat in the Oman economy. The improvement in the management skills leads to identification of the weaknesses and improving the core area of the business (Storey 2016). The small busines ses do not have sufficient information about tracking the key performance indicators and thus requires implementing strategies that would gain them knowledge regard the market where they operate. It is essential for the organizations to construct an effective business plan that would be influential for the improving the procedure and the functional activities of the firm. The small business enterprises even needs to improve their focus on the strategies they have established so that by understanding the market they can construct alternative plans thereby improving the level of operations. Undertaking these strategies would lower the small business enterprises from closing their business in the Oman market. The next point that is under consideration is that there have been figures that suggest that imports were raising with respect to the export figures in Oman. The level of export has been higher in Oman for a significant point of time as the country has been one of the largest exporters of oil and gypsum in the current decade (Keeble and Wever 2016). However, the level of import has overgrown the figures of export as export of other products has been relatively low. This has led to the rise in import as the consumers of the country require essential and necessary goods for their daily survival. Oman does not produce sufficient amount of daily commodities that would meet the desires of the population of the country and therefore in order to meet the deficiency export is essential. The advent of globalization has led to new and innovative products in the market and this has influenced the consumers to purchase such goods. Therefore, it is seen that the figures of import has increased ov er the level of export (Parahina et al. 2014). Therefore, in order to mitigate such issues various policies have been implemented so that the level of export increases over import. The government of the country has started investing in the manufacturing firms that focus on delivering the goods that are required by the consumers on a daily basis. This would reduce the level of import and thus would increase the export level. The government has even imposed higher taxes on import so that the country would lower imports thereby maintaining the balance of payment of the country. The next issue is in accordance to the rise in the level of unemployment in the locals of Oman. Unemployment is one of the major concerns for every country as it lowers the level of per capita income of the country (Leigh and Blakely 2016). It is seen that the multinational organizations hire competent employees in their business and in certain case outsource their employees from various other countries thereby maintaining their organizational objectives. This has led to the fall in the employment in the country (Blackburn, Hart and Wainwright 2013). Thus, it is important to implement various strategies like taking the initiative of educating the teenagers and the young ones so that they become competent enough to work in these multinational organizations. The government should even frame policies in order to limit the recruiting of the outsourced employees and motivating the organizations to appoint employees from the country itself. The level of unemployment in the country has incr eased because due to the introduction of the multinational firms, the small and medium business enterprises have started to shut down their operations and thus making many people lose their jobs (La Porta and Shleifer 2014). Therefore, the government should undertake various initiatives and policies so that small and medium business enterprises can continue their business in the economy and compete with large multinational corporations. The last issue refers to the decreasing tenure of the MNCs in the country. The main factor has been due to the governmental policies due to which the MNCs get demotivated to function in the country (Mundial 2013). There have been various other factors like the environmental and cultural factors that have led to the downfall of these organizations. The decrease in the tenure of the MNCs has a significant impact on the economy of Oman and therefore, it is essential to take adequate measures and policies in order to retain the MNCs. It is essential that attractive tax reduction benefits and attractive schemes requires to be developed so that the MNCs feel like staying in the country. New and improved technologies if implemented in the firm would influence the MNCs to function in the country as they would understand that utilization of these technologies would improve the operations of the firm (Liedholm and Mead 2013). It is even essential to educate the citizens of the country so that they can be competent enough to work for these MNCs. The appointment of employees from the local residents would lower the cost of employment and thereby would motivate the companies to operate in the market. Implementing amiable strategies and policies for these MNCs would influence them to function effectively. 2.This question would try to critically compare and contrast the strategies and structures that have been implemented by Multinational Corporations and the Corporate Parent Organization. It is observed that MNCs have unique corporate strategy like decentralizing and nationally and self-sufficient operations. The companies has the ability to sense the opportunities that are available locally in Oman and then tries to exploit such opportunities in an effective manner so that MNCs can improve their level of operations and increase their profits (Eid and El-Gohary 2013). The MNCs look to enhance their knowledge by analyzing the market and retains these knowledge in every unit of the firm so that every department of the organization can have effective level of knowledge with respect to their operations thereby maintaining an effective competitive edge. The MNCs maintain strategies to operate in the international market and adapts to the cultures and the political environment of the country where they operate. This makes them one step ahead of the other firms. The international strategy of the MNCs primarily concentrate on the process of worldwide learning, which leads to sharing of innovation. The structure of the MNCs comprises of international divisions where focus is given to the international countries where they operate (Luo and Shenkar 2017). With respect to this, MNCs in Oman try to function according to the work culture that is prevalent in the economy itself. The MNCs maintain an alternative path of development with the help of which the companies can move ahead of their local and international competitors. Most of the MNCs maintain a global matrix, which aids the organizations to balance products and requirement of the region and accomplish both efficiency and responsiveness. The global matrix leads to transfer of knowled ge and learning (Chung et al. 2015). Corporate Parent Organization is another type of organization who have their unique typology of strategies. It is seen that these companies maintain hands-off ownership, which has very lean corporate centers. The companies tend to be careful to avoid the negative influence and therefore try to restrict shared services to the corporate level. These organizations provide financial sponsorship, which occasionally have value destructive conflicts of goals among the corporate parent and local businesses. The financial sponsorship follows a parental strategy. As opportunities establish values with the help of leverage, the companies are increasingly are transforming to a more interventionist approach thereby creating value in their portfolio organizations. These organizations have a strategic guidance strategy that leads to the development of the organization in an effective manner. The company analyses the market from time to time and then understands the changes that are available in the market and thereafter undertakes changes that would lead to the improvement in the operations of the companies. The other strategy exploited by these organizations involve creation of synergy (Chen, Chen and Zhou 2014). This is undertaken by the organizations by concentrating on bringing out the crucial benefits from the synergies of marketing and sales and the operations among the business units. The organizations that employ synergy assemble a portfolio of businesses that naturally fits together and can attain maximum advantage through the intrinsic collaboration. The organizations maintain functional leadership where the organizations focus on adding values to the businesses in the portfolio with the help of functional excellence, central services and shared corporate resources. This leads to the strong corporate functions that unites expertise in the areas that have a long-term inspiration on the business units. Thus these are the strategies that are exploited by the MNCs and the corporate parent organizations leading to the economic development of Oman. Reference List Blackburn, R.A., Hart, M. and Wainwright, T., 2013. Small business performance: business, strategy and owner-manager characteristics.Journal of small business and enterprise development,20(1), pp.8-27. Chen, X., Chen, A.X. and Zhou, K.Z., 2014. Strategic orientation, foreign parent control, and differentiation capability building of international joint ventures in an emerging market.Journal of International Marketing,22(3), pp.30-49. Chung, C.C., Park, H.Y., Lee, J.Y. and Kim, K., 2015. Human capital in multinational enterprises: Does strategic alignment matter?.Journal of International Business Studies,46(7), pp.806-829. Eid, R. and El-Gohary, H., 2013. The impact of E-marketing use on small business enterprises' marketing success.The Service Industries Journal,33(1), pp.31-50. Keeble, D. and Wever, E. eds., 2016.New firms and regional development in Europe(Vol. 9). Routledge. La Porta, R. and Shleifer, A., 2014. Informality and development.The Journal of Economic Perspectives,28(3), pp.109-126. Leigh, N.G. and Blakely, E.J., 2016.Planning local economic development: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Liedholm, C.E. and Mead, D.C., 2013.Small enterprises and economic development: the dynamics of micro and small enterprises. Routledge. Luo, Y. and Shenkar, O., 2017. The Multinational Corporation as a Multilingual Community: Language and Organization in a Global Context. InLanguage in International Business(pp. 59-92). Springer International Publishing. Mundial, B., 2013.Doing business 2013: smarter regulations for small and medium-size enterprises. The World Bank. Parahina, V.N., Boris, O.A., Bezrukova, T.L. and Shanin, I.I., 2014. State support for creation and development of socially-oriented innovative enterprises.Asian Social Science,10(23), p.215. Storey, D.J., 2016.Understanding the small business sector. Routledge.

Business Modelling and Analysis of the Employees of the Law Firm

Question: Discuss about the Business Modelling and Analysis. Answer: Introduction The present study analysis productivity, job satisfaction, stress and peer support of the employees of the law firm. The analysis measures the variables with relation to the use of social media by the employees. Data from 810 employees of the firm were taken. For the analysis a smaller data of 100 employees was selected. The data contains information regarding age, gender and time spent by the employees on social media. Special software installed by the law firm in January 2017 measured the time spent by the employees on social media. The variables of the study were self ranked by the employees in the end of January. Special software blocked the access to social media sites in the first week of February. The employees were again asked to self rank the variables in last week of April. The difference in productivity, job satisfaction, stresses and peer support of the employees between last week of January and April is analysed. Margaret, partner in law firm implemented the initiative ( of blocking access to social media) to increase productivity and reduce stress among the employs. The analysis of the data investigates the difference in stress level and peer support of the employees before and after the initiatives. An attempt is also made to predict the relationship between time spent by the employees on social media and productivity and job stress. Analysis: Descriptive Statistics Gender The analysis of the gender profile of the employees of the law shows that 49% of the employees are females while 51% are males (Table 1, Figure 3). Age The average (standard deviation) of the employees of the law firm is 41.35 (14.59) years. The median age of the employees is 41 years. The minimum and maximum age of the employees is 18.2 and 69.7 years respectively. Thus the range of age of the employees is 51.5 years. 50% of the employees are the age range of 28.05 and 53.75 years. The variability in age from the mean is 35.30% (table 2). Age of the employees is distributed across all age groups (table 3, figure 4). Time on SM The average (standard deviation) time employees of the law firm spend on social media before the initiative was implemented is 1.35 (1.08) hours per day. Most of the employees of the firm did not spend time on social media. 50% of the employees of the firm spend 2 hours/day on social media (table 4). Most of the employees of the firm spend less than 0.3 hours/day (figure 5). Productivity Average (standard deviation) productivity of the employees is 16.22 (6.52) hours. Maximum number of employees has a productivity of 25 hours. The range of productivity of the employees is 31.6 hours. 50% of the employees have a productivity of 9 hours. The variability in productivity from the mean is 40.17% (table 5). Job Satisfaction The maximum number (15) of employees have a job satisfaction level of 8 (table 6). The least number of employees have a satisfaction level of 6 (figure 7). Stress Level Most of the employees (25) of the law firm had a stress level of 1 (table 6). Very few employees (4) had a maximum stress level of 6 before implementation of the initiative (figure 7). Peer Support The maximum number (15) of employees have a peer support level of 6 (table 6). The least number of employees (5) have a satisfaction level of 8 (figure 7). 10 employees of the law firm have the least satisfaction level (1). Confidence Interval Confidence Interval 1 We are 95% confident that the average age of the employees lies within the limits of 38.49 and 44.21 years. The mean age of the employees is 41.35 years. The 95% confidence interval would mean that if we take another random sample of 100 employees then the average age of the employees would lie within the range of 38.49 and 44.21 years (table 7). Confidence Interval 2 We are 95% confident that the average time spent by the employees on social media lies within the limits of 1.14 and 1.56 hours / day. The mean time spent by the employees of the law firm on social media is 1.35 hour/day. The 95% confidence interval would mean that if another random sample of 100 employees of the law firm is taken then the average time that they would spend on social media would lie within the range of 1.14 and 1.56 hours / day (table 8). Hypothesis Testing Hypothesis Testing 1 A two-tailed independent sample t-test was done to test the hypothesis that female employees of the law firm spend more time on social media as compared to male employees. The test showed that there was statistically no significant differences between the average time spend by females (1.37hours/day) and males (1.34hours/day) on social media, t(98) = 0.111, p-value =0.912 (table 9). Thus, the average time spent by female employees of the law firm (1.37 hours/day) is equivalent to the average time spent by male employees of the law firm (1.34 hours/day). Hypothesis Testing 2 A two-tailed paired sample t-test was done to test the hypothesis that there is no change in stress levels of the employees. The test showed that there was statistically significant differences in the average stress levels of the employees, before (2.81) and after (2.48) implementation of the initiatives, t(99) = 6.983, p-value 0.001, less than 0.05, level of significance (table 10). Thus, the implementation of the initiatives has decreased the average stress level before (2.81) implementation to 2.48, average stress level after implementation. Hypothesis Testing 3 A two-tailed paired sample t-test was done to test the hypothesis that the average support from the peers has increased after implementation of the initiatives. The test showed that there was statistically significant differences in the average support from the peer, before (5.79) and after (6.31) implementation of the initiatives, t(99) = 2.762, p-value =0.007, less than 0.05, level of significance (table 11). Thus, the implementation of the initiatives has increased the support of the employees from the peers, from 5.79 (before) to 6.31 (after). Correlation and regression Regression 1 The relation between time spent by the employees of the law firm on social media and productivity, before implementation of the initiatives is shown in figure 1. Figure 1: Relation between times spent on social media and productivity In the Above figure the average time spent by the employees on social media is predicted with productivity. From the above figure it is seen that R2 = 0.7501. R2 is known as the coefficient of determination. Hence, 75.01% in the variability in average time spent by the employees on social media can be predicted through productivity. From table we find that multiple R = 0.8661 (table 13). Multiple R is also known as correlation coefficient between times spent on social media and productivity. Hence time spent by the employees of the law firm and productivity has a correlation r = 0.8661. Hence the correlation is strong, positive and linear. The regression equation for time spent on social media by the employees (table 12): Time spent on social media = 3.685 0.144*Productivity From table 14 it is seen that F(1,98) = 294.138, p-value 0.001, less than 0.05, level of significance. Thus there is statistically significant relationship between time spent on Social media and productivity of the employees before implementation of the initiatives. Regression 2 The relation between time spent by the employees of the law firm on social media and job satisfaction, before implementation of the initiatives is shown in figure 2. Figure 2: Relation between times spent on social media and job satisfaction In figure 2 the average time spent by the employees on social media is predicted with job satisfaction. From the above figure it is seen that R2 = 0.0018. Thus, 0.18% in the variability in average time spent by the employees on social media can be predicted through job satisfaction. . From table we find that multiple R = 0.0419 (table 16). The time spent by the employees of the law firm and job satisfaction has a correlation r = 0.0419. Hence the correlation is very weak, positive and linear. The regression equation for time spent on social media by the employees (table 15): Time spent on social media = 1.267 +0.016*Job Satisfaction From table 17 it is seen that F(1,98) = 0.173, p-value =0.679, more than 0.05, level of significance. Thus there is statistically no significant relationship between time spent on Social media and job satisfaction of the employees before implementation of the initiatives. Conclusion and Recommendation The analysis of the data of the employees shows that there are an equal proportion of males and females in the law firm. Male and female employees of the firm spent on an average equal amount of time on social media before the implementation of the initiative. There has been a reduction in the average stress level due to implementation of the initiative. In addition the implementation of the initiative has helped he employees to increase support of the peers. There is a strong correlation between productivity and time spent on social media before the implementation of the initiative. On the other hand there is a weak correlation between time spent by the employees on social media and job satisfaction before the initiative. The limitations of the present study are that the data of only a section of the employees have been studied. Similar studies with fresh set of data would substantiate the findings of Margaret.

Do I Really Need to Read a Sample Short Essay First?

Do I Really Need to Read a Sample Short Essay First?Writing a short sample essay? This will surely help you in your success. But is it really necessary to read out the sample first? And can you still practice writing the words on your own?Well, not necessarily a sample short essay written by a writer is a must to do. You can try this method if you want to know more about the subject or are having a hard time writing your own essay. Writing a sample essay is a proven method that is widely used by students all over the world. Why would anyone need to write an essay when they can use a sample as a base for their writing? They can get some idea of what their writing will look like before they publish it in their college transcript.Students need to be careful to write their essays in a proper way. In order to make sure that they write a well-formatted and convincing essay, they need to be familiar with the basic rules and format of writing an essay. By reading a sample, they will be able to catch mistakes in the first draft of their essay.As long as they do not let their essay get messy and incomplete, writing a sample will definitely help them a lot. It can be a good practice for them to copy the wordings from the sample. Aside from the fact that it will save them the time of checking every single sentence, they can make changes as well. In order to keep the consistency of their writing, they will have to include the same wordings on their essay every time.One other benefit is that they will learn how to properly structure their essay. They will be able to write their first draft without any breaks. The more they practice, the more accurate they will become in their writing skills.In addition, it will help them to express themselves in writing and will keep them away from the usual essay content. Essays which are too wordy will only bore their readers and they will not really be able to produce a well-written essay. Their readers will just turn away from their essa y leaving nothing but a blank sheet of paper.Should you choose to write a short essay from scratch, writing a sample is a good idea. This will help you gain some experience and will also help you get used to the style of writing. Also, writing a sample will enable you to understand the rules and style of writing a formal written essay. It will be easier for you to edit your work after completing it, especially if you are working alone.Remember that doing an essay from scratch can be a very easy process. In fact, you can even edit it right after you finish it. Just by reading a sample, you will learn how to handle sentences and punctuation and what is proper grammar.

Impact of Resolution Act of 1998 on Women

Free Essays on How Television Affects Children

Many television programs involve substantial amounts of violence in one form or another that causes people to think that television is the cause of violence in today’s youth. Many question whether television disturbs the minds of adolescent children who cannot yet comprehend the truth of fiction and reality. Studies show that violent television viewing affects younger children more since their perception of what is real or unreal is not as acute as in older adults - meaning that aggressive adults learn their behavior as children. By watching portrayals of violence, children learn to accept aggressive behavior by becoming desensitized to the effects of violence and imitate it by modeling aggressive behaviors. According to the Institute for the Social Research, an aggressive behavior is learned behavior which is being taught to our children by the media violence that they are exposed to daily (Chen, 1994 p.23). In Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis, written by Albert Bandura in 1973, indicates that sometimes watching a single violent program can increase aggressiveness. However, the impact of viewing violence on television may become immediately evident in the child’s behavior, or it may not surface till later (Canton and Wilson, 1984). While violence portrayed on television is not the cause of aggressive behavior, it is clearly a significant factor. Children â€Å"are predisposed to seek out and pay attention to violence† (Canton and Wilson, 1984). It is not the violence itself that makes programs attractive to children, but the vivid images accompanying them. Children are unlikely to put the violence in context since they are likely to misunderstand the violent images being portrayed – children cannot comprehend fiction from reality. They don’t realize TV programs are people acting out a script and the scenes are not real. They become less sensitive to pain and suffering of others, and children are more likely ... Free Essays on How Television Affects Children Free Essays on How Television Affects Children Many television programs involve substantial amounts of violence in one form or another that causes people to think that television is the cause of violence in today’s youth. Many question whether television disturbs the minds of adolescent children who cannot yet comprehend the truth of fiction and reality. Studies show that violent television viewing affects younger children more since their perception of what is real or unreal is not as acute as in older adults - meaning that aggressive adults learn their behavior as children. By watching portrayals of violence, children learn to accept aggressive behavior by becoming desensitized to the effects of violence and imitate it by modeling aggressive behaviors. According to the Institute for the Social Research, an aggressive behavior is learned behavior which is being taught to our children by the media violence that they are exposed to daily (Chen, 1994 p.23). In Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis, written by Albert Bandura in 1973, indicates that sometimes watching a single violent program can increase aggressiveness. However, the impact of viewing violence on television may become immediately evident in the child’s behavior, or it may not surface till later (Canton and Wilson, 1984). While violence portrayed on television is not the cause of aggressive behavior, it is clearly a significant factor. Children â€Å"are predisposed to seek out and pay attention to violence† (Canton and Wilson, 1984). It is not the violence itself that makes programs attractive to children, but the vivid images accompanying them. Children are unlikely to put the violence in context since they are likely to misunderstand the violent images being portrayed – children cannot comprehend fiction from reality. They don’t realize TV programs are people acting out a script and the scenes are not real. They become less sensitive to pain and suffering of others, and children are more likely ...

Research Project Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Project - Research Paper Example However, research has shown that local members of the community are not benefiting much from the resources that are mined in their area. It has also been found that the working conditions of the employees are not favourable since the mine has been recently hit by a spate of strikes over pay issues. It has also been found that people who were protesting over improved working conditions were harshly treated and 34 lost their lives after the police opened fire on the protestors. In principle, organizations that extract natural resources in different places should plough back to the members of the community. It has been recommended that the company involved in this case should make efforts to empower the employees in particular so that they can also directly benefit from the natural resources that are obtained from their areas. This can be done through increasing their wages as well as creating community share trusts. This action is designed to fulfil the corporate social responsibility (CSR) concerns of the company. Overview of the topic In most cases, natural resources like minerals are exploited for various reasons. Minerals contribute towards economic growth and development if they are sold to other countries. Through exploitation of mineral resources in a particular area or country, employment is created and the welfare of the people is likely to be improved. There are many benefits that can be derived from extracting natural resources in a certain area. Development of infrastructure can also be promoted if a natural resource that is of commercial value is being mined in a particular area. Essentially, informed companies should make an effort to ensure that their activities also positively contribute to the growth and development of the areas they would be operating in. This can also help to create trust among the local members since they would stand to benefit from the wealth obtained from their backyard. However, this is not the case in some places that are rich in mineral resources since the people living around the area where the minerals are being mined live in abject poverty. This is in stark contrast to minerals millions of dollars extracted in these people’s background but they do not benefit from these resources. This is ironical because local residents in the communities where the precious minerals are mined are poor and they do not directly benefit from the wealth extracted from their backgrounds. This calls for organizations involved in this business to be more accountable and socially responsible for their activities. Essentially, the concept of â€Å"CSR maintains that businesses are part of the larger society in which they exist and are accountable to the society for their operations,† (Strydom, 2004 p.11). This means that organisations should strike a fine balance between the needs and interests of customers, needs of the environment and the need for businesses to realise their financial goals. This goes han d in hand with the concept of business ethics which tries to make a distinction between something that is morally good from bad (1994). Apart from inequalities in the distribution of wealth obtained from extraction of natural resources in a particular area, it can be seen that the local community members are also exposed to dangers such as environmental pollution that are directly caused by the activities of the company extracting the

Fair Value Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fair Value - Essay Example Thus, the AASB framework provides the general guidelines, establishing the way a company should measure all its assets. The aim of the act is to avoid inconsistency of the various methods of measuring fair value, providing a more rigorous framework, for all companies. Thus, the market value of any current asset will be measured by the replacement cost of the services or benefits currently embodied in the asset. One very disputed and problematic point concerned the market value of different assets that weren't commonly traded on the open market, such as buildings or other possessions of this nature. The conclusion reached by the AASB researchers and specialists was that the best way to measure the market value of such assets would be by comparing the selling-prices of other buildings in the area. Although controversial at first, this rule was, seemingly, the best one to follow in establishing the potential selling price of any asset held by a company. The concepts of "current assets" and "current liabilities" are also defined by AASB, as being "an asset that is expected to mature or be realized within a 12 month period", while current liabilities are those liabilities that are "expected to be paid, settled or extinguished within a period equal to or less than 12 months from the reporting date". FASB and IASB board members met on 12th of May, 2006 to discuss and establish the revenue recognition methods that should be used. In doing so, there were some factors that had to be acknowledged as important to the recognition of any revenue. First on the list was customer acceptance, which lead, after thorough examination and in-depth discussions, to the conclusion that: "Revenue shall be recognized if the customer must accept performance to date. That is, the contract's legal remedy for breach is, or is like, specific performance or in the event of customer cancellation, the customer is obligated to pay damages reflecting performance to date." (see http://www.fasb.org/board_meeting_minutes/04-27-06_rr.pdf) "We're hoping that there will be more consistency in the way companies approach fair value measurement, and less diversity in practice from the user's perspective. Users should have more confidence that when they look at those disclosures about what is being shown at fair value and the methods used, they'll have better information to use to assess the quality of earnings and how they view the reliability of the estimates being made.", stated FASB board member, Leslie F. Seidman (Glenn Cheney, "FASB standard clarifies fair value measurement", 16 Oct, 2006,). From this point of view, the AASB framework provides rigorous guidelines, avoiding misunderstanding and inconsistency. Still, as all regulations were changed and revised, many companies complain that they have a difficult time in applying them, and that many criteria provided by this statement have been so frequently changed and discussed that the danger of misinterpreting or failing to respect the newest changes is real and impossible to ignore. Given the fact that the market value is mainly based